All seven

Principle 06

Metacognitive Prompting

Check whether you only feel like you understand.

Function
Calibration and strategy revision
Substrates
Anterior PFC (BA10) · dACC · insula
Intervention
Comprehension checks, boundary questions
In transfer
Kills the illusion of explanatory depth.

People overestimate how well they can explain a mechanism until they try. The useful prompts are not ‘do you understand?’ but ‘where does this mapping fail?’ and ‘state the target mechanism in target-native terms without the source vocabulary.’

Without a forced break list, analogical transfer overshoots: every market is a fluid, every org is a gas. If you cannot name three breaks, you are still in surface matching.

Flavell 1979; Schraw & Dennison 1994; Zimmerman 2002